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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">VETZOO</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Veterinarija ir Zootechnika</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub"/>
      <issn pub-type="ppub"/>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>LSMU</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">8</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Use of Grape Marc Flour Supplementation in Laying Hens’ Diet on Laying Productivity, Egg Quality and Biochemical Parameters</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Grigorova</surname>
            <given-names>Grigorova</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Gjorgovska</surname>
            <given-names>Natasha</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:href="mailto:natasha.gjorgovska@istoc.ukim.mk">natasha.gjorgovska@istoc.ukim.mk</email>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor2">∗∗</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Todorova</surname>
            <given-names>Maria</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Levkov</surname>
            <given-names>Vesna</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="cor2"><label>∗∗</label>Corresponding author.</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <volume>81</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>62</fpage>
      <lpage>69</lpage>
      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
        <day>26</day>
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>22</day>
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>18</day>
          <month>01</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>08</day>
          <month>02</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>23</day>
          <month>02</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of grape marc flour addition</p>
        <p>to the laying hens’ diet on their egg production, egg quality, total yolk lipids and yolk total fatty acid</p>
        <p>composition, cholesterol content in the yolk and blood serum as well as on the yolk lipid oxidation.</p>
        <p>An experiment was conducted with a total of 90 laying hens (at 40 weeks old) from Lohmann Classic</p>
        <p>Brown breed, randomly divided into three groups, 30 hens in each (3 replications x 10 layers per</p>
        <p>group). The diet of the experimental hens was supplemented with 1% and 3% of grape marc flour.</p>
        <p>The trial duration was 48 days. Grape marc flour addition to the laying hens’ compound feed did not</p>
        <p>significantly (P &gt; 0.05) affect their live body weight, egg production, egg morphological properties as</p>
        <p>well as total yolk lipids content, total cholesterol content in the yolk and blood serum and yolk fatty</p>
        <p>acids composition. However, the egg yolk malondialdehyde (MDA) level during egg storage for 30 days</p>
        <p>at room temperature significantly decreased (P &lt; 0.01) in comparison with control eggs. The addition</p>
        <p>of grape marc flour has the potential to extend the shelf life of eggs.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <label>Keywords</label>
        <kwd>laying hens</kwd>
        <kwd>grape marc flour</kwd>
        <kwd>egg quality</kwd>
        <kwd>yolk MDA level</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
