Veterinarija ir Zootechnika

For the period between June 2020 and -March 2022, a total of 8 dairy cattle farms were surveyed in terms of the prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis. Four of them were located in Northern Bulgaria (Targovishte, Shumen and Dobrich districts) and another four in Southern Bulgaria (Stara Zagora, Plovdiv and Haskovo districts). In these target farms, a rapid mastitis screening test was initially performed to detect the presence of subclinical mastitis or samples with high somatic cell counts. A total of 312 milk samples were obtained from milk quarters who reacted with 3+ or 4+ to which 34 samples of inflammatory exudate from cows with clinical mastitis were added. During the microbiological investigation of the 346 samples, 272 of them (79.1%) were bacteriologically positive. Streptococcus spp., were isolated from 151 samples (55.5%). The second most common species was Staphylococcus spp., detected in 110 (40.4%) of the tested samples. In total, the Grampositive cocci finding exceeded 95% of the microbial species. The remaining 11 (4.0%) isolates belonged

The deficiency of tick control causes large economic losses for the health of animals and the risk of transmission of zoonotic diseases. Their control is based on the use of acaricides such as organophosphates, synthetic pyrethroids, amidines and macrocyclic lactones; however, its inappropriate use has favoured the presence of populations resistant to the main families of acaricides. This study was conducted with the objective to evaluate the resistance of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus against three widely used ixoidicides in Nicaragua, namely coumaphos, amitraz and cypermethrin, applied in the concentrations indicated by the manufacturer. For this, the techniques of Adult Immersion Test (AIT) and Larval Package Test (LPT) were applied, for which ticks were collected from farms in Western Nicaragua. The results obtained through the AIT show that coumaphos has a higher percentage of oviposition inhibition of 86%, while cypermethrin only demonstrated an oviposition of 12.9%. Mortality in adults treated with coumaphos was 97.72%, and in those treated with amitraz it was 48.8%, while cypermethrin only provided a mortality of 14.71%. In this study, the Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus ticks collected from cattle were determined to have elevated levels of resistance to cypermethrin but low resistance to coumaphos.